These results suggest that verbal support from a robot may have some direct benefits to outgroup members but may also reduce the obligation ingroup members feel to support the verbal contributions of outgroup members. When comparing groups that did and did not have verbal support from the robot, we found that outgroup members received fewer verbal backchannels from ingroup members if their group had robot verbal support. We found that targeted support from the robot (e.g., “ good idea George”) had a positive effect on outgroup members, who increased their verbal participation after receiving targeted support from the robot. We conducted a between-subjects experiment ( N = 39 groups, 117 participants) where the robot team member either (A) gave verbal support or (B) did not give verbal support to the human team members of a human-robot team comprised of 2 human ingroup members, 1 human outgroup member, and 1 robot. In this work, we investigated the effects of verbal support from a robot (e.g., “ good idea Salim,” “ yeah”) on human team members' interactions related to psychological safety and inclusion. 2Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United StatesĪs teams of people increasingly incorporate robot members, it is essential to consider how a robot's actions may influence the team's social dynamics and interactions.1Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. ![]() ![]() Sarah Sebo 1,2 *, Ling Liang Dong 2, Nicholas Chang 2, Michal Lewkowicz 2, Michael Schutzman 2 and Brian Scassellati 2
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